effective for smallscale operations. Most bauxite, iron, and copper ore is mined by open pit techniques, lead and zinc ore are principally extracted by underground mining methods, and precious metals, particularly gold and most notably in the USA and Australia, tend to be recovered in recent years from lowgrade deposits by surface mining.
Blasting performance is influenced by mechanical and structural properties of the rock, on one side, and blast design parameters on the other. This paper describes a new methodology to assess rock mass quality from drillmonitoring data to guide blasting in open pit operations. Principal component analysis has been used to combine measurement while drilling (MWD) information from two drill ...
Science Open pit mining is the process of mining a near surface deposit by means of a surface pit excavated using one or more horizontal benches. The term open pit mining is usually used for metallic or nonmetallic deposits and sparingly used for bedded deposits like coal. Prof. Professor at University of Mysore Follow
Therefore, new methods for dump design optimization are of the highest priority in mine planning management. This paper presents a methodology to model and optimize the design of a mine dump by minimizing the total haulage costs. The proposed methodology consists of: (1) formulation of a dump model; (2) solves by using linear programming and ...
The mine supply chain usually contains three stages, which is mining, processing, and ore product transportation. This paper tackles the difficulty of variable cutoff grade by establishing a robust optimization model. To solve the robust optimization model, the nonlinear constraints in the model were linearized first.
Openpit mining Openpit mining is a type of strip mining in which the ore deposit extends very deep in the ground, necessitating the removal of layer upon layer of overburden and ore. In many cases, logging of trees and clearcutting or burning of vegetation above the ore deposit may precede removal of the overburden. The
Slope instability of openpit mines has adverse impacts on the overall mine profitability, safety and environment. The slope of an openpit mine is crucially influenced by the slope geometry, quality of rock mass and presence of geological features and their properties. The objective of this study is to demonstrate a method to select the optimal overall slope angle of openpit mines according ...
Production planning decisions in the mining industry are affected by geological, geometallurgical, economic and operational information. However, the traditional approach to address this problem often relies on simplified models that ignore the variability and uncertainty of these parameters. In this paper, two main sources of uncertainty are combined to obtain multiple simulated block models ...
Blasting 1 m 3 ore rock needs consumption of m 3. dust removal technology is mostly used in areas with hot climates and water deficient. The dust reduction efficiency of covering the blast area with is up to %, and the ventilation time of openpit mines can be reduced by 2/33/4.
An openpit mine bulk materials handling system case study is presented to demonstrate the approach. A dispatching heuristic controlling the operation of the trucking system can be optimised through the selection of values for four control parameters. ... some background knowledge of the process of openpit mining is necessary. The purpose of ...
The longterm planning of open pit mine is a dynamic process and should be reviewed periodically for enhancing the NPV and life of mine. Pit optimization through soft computing can be gainfully applied to resolve a number of important problems that arise in developing suitable planning strategies and man agement of a mine.
The stability of slopes in open pit mines is an issue of great concern because of the significant detrimental consequences instabilities can have. To ensure the safe and continuous economic ...
Selecting reasonable blasting parameters of ore and rock is an important measure to achieve good blasting effect. In the mining process, rock fragmentation is an important index to evaluate the blasting effect, which directly affects the technical scheme, equipment selection, economic effect, and other issues of the mine and even seriously threatens the sustainable safety production of the mine.
This model, based on exploration and drillhole data, must capture the structure of the ore and provide accurate economic, metallurgical, grade and geotechnical that allow mining engineers to establish the economic potential of the body and the viability of mining the ore body.
Cost decreased at an optimum fragmentation size in the surface mining operation and production [7,8].The back bone of the blast results quality in surface mining is the efficiency and cost of ...
Open pit mining method is one of the surface mining methods that has a traditional coneshaped excavation and is usually employed to exploit a nearsurface, nonselective and lowgrade zones deposits. It often results in high productivity and requires large capital investments, low operating costs, and good safety conditions.
The first example (Fig. 3a) shows the main open cut of the Carajás iron ore mine complex in the Brazilian Amazon, which is among the world's largest iron ore mining operations 43. Figure 3b ...
The profit function can also be formulated in unit values (per ton or cubic meter of ore), by assigning a unit profit function L ′ (/h), which is given by (2) L ′ = T U V − M − E R − B − F P. In all these variables, there are two geological characteristics, which have great importance: the stripping ratio R and the grade of ore is therefore essential to determine what their ...
An open cut iron ore mine required a detailed mining sequence incorporating current short term plans as well as an extended mine plan tailored to an optimised pit shell. The ore body contained complex structures and the mining sequence had to follow prescribed operational priorities. The client was committed to ramping up production ...
The operation and management of a large open pit mine having a life of several (550) years is an enormous and complex task. Optimisation techniques can be successfully applied to resolve a number of important problems that arise in the planning and management of a mine.
The measurement of mining equipment performance has evolved. Initially, the measurement was done using singlemeasurement indices such as machine availability, production index and utilisations ...
The stability of high jointed slopes has an important impact on the construction of engineering projects. Herein, aiming at the high jointed slope of mine, by combining the jointed finite element method (JFEM) and the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) method, a wholeofprocess analysis method was proposed from identification of the slope stability and risk assessment to later ...
4. Although the basic concept of an open pit is quite simple, the planning required to develop a large deposit for surface mining is a very complex and costly undertaking. At one mine, it may be desirable to plan for blending variations in the ore so as to maintain, as nearly as possible, a uniform feed to the mill. At another operation it may be desirable to completely separate two kinds of ...
Increasing population levels, growing economies, rapid urbanization and changes in consumption patterns have increased the demand for raw materials such as base and precious metals, leading to growing concerns regarding their availability and the global efficiency of the mine supply chain. Mine tailings, consisting of process effluents that are generated in a mineral processing plant, are ...
Mining of minerals is essential for our daytoday life so is the groundwater. Mother Earth is the custodian of these two essential commodities, and both are part and parcel of sustainable living for human beings. This chapter of book focuses on the need, quantity, quality, and management of groundwater encountered in mines, from where extraction of minerals takes place.
This study aimed to develop and assess the feasibility of different machine learning algorithms for predicting ore production in openpit mines based on a truckhaulage system with the support of the Internet of Things (IoT). Six machine learning algorithms, namely the random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLP neural nets), classification and ...
Openpit mine: Chuquicamata copper mine, Región de Antofagas ta, Chile L oc al it y : R eg ió n d e An t of ag as t a, C h ile. Pit dimensions : km long x 3 km wide x 850 m deep.
Geological and economic modeling of an ore body and also optimization of the depth at which transition is made from openpit to underground mining is an important part of the mining design process in large and massive deposits. In this paper, a geological block model of ChahGaz iron ore deposit located in was first created based on iron ore cutoff grade. Then with considering the ...
The utilization of mining area in the Leeuwfontein pit improved from 71% to 90%, and the blasting frequency reduced by 14% while the average blast size increased by 17%. The distance travelled during shovel relocations between mining phases reduced by 16%, and the lost time associated with drills relocating reduced by 53%.
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