These include two solvent refined coal processes (SRCI and II), Hcoal (a catalytic liquefaction process) and Exxon donor solvent (EDS). The DOE health and environmental research program includes shortterm screening of coalderived materials for possible health and environmental effects. Longerterm assays are used to evaluate materials ...
Solidliquid separation underflow (SLSU) and solvent from a hydroextraction process were carbonized at 900/sup 0/F in an inert atmosphere at pressures up to 400 psig. Vacuum still bottoms from the HCoal process were pyrolyzed at 1100/sup 0/F in a methane atmosphere at 400 psig.
The HCoal process catalytically converts coal to oil in an ebulated bed reactor. The 3 ton per day PDU was operated to demonstrate: (a) heavy boiler fuel oil mode operation, (b) operation at commercial reactor gas velocities, and (c) operation with high residum concentration in the reactor. Solid liquid separation was demonstrated by ...
Axens's HCoal process is also a twostage process (two catalytic reactors). Generally, the ICL process produces highcetane diesel and lowoctane naptha; the DCL process produces onspec diesel and highoctane naptha. (Headwaters points out the hybrid DCL/ICL process can produce premium gasoline and diesel fuel with minimal refining.)
HCoal, a catalytic hydroliquefaction process developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. for conversion of coal to highquality, clean liquids, has advanced to the stage of commercial evaluation with the construction in Catlettsburg, Kentucky of a 600 ton/day pilot plant which will produce up to 2,500 barrels per day of liquid product.
Abstract. A large coalliquefaction pilot plant is in operation at Catlettsburg, Kentucky, expanding on the HCoal technology. The pilot plant operated very successfully during 1981, confirming research yield data on eastern bituminous coal, demonstrating operability of the process, and resulting in a significant accumulation of engineering data.
The HCoal process, developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Incorporated (HRI), involves the direct catalytic hydroliquefaction of coal to lowsulfur boiler fuel or synthetic crude oil. The HCoal ebullated bed reactor contains at least four discrete components: gas, liquid, catalyst, and unconverted coal and ash.
This document contains the final results of an investigation to determine the suitability of the COED, HCOAL, SYNTHOIL, and SRC II syncrudes as petrochemical feedstocks. Based on the results of laboratory investigations, conversions of the liquid products to petrochemical feedstocks per ton of coal fed to each liquefaction process was % ...
The HCoal process catalytically converts coal to oil in an ebulated bed reactor. The 3 ton per day PDU was operated to demonstrate: (a) heavy boiler fuel oil mode operation, (b) operation at commercial reactor gas velocities, and (c) operation with high residum concentration in the reactor. Solid liquid separation was demonstrated by ...
Introduction. H 2 S is a colorless, highly toxic gas with an unpleasant odor. The Chinese "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" states that the H 2 S concentration of coal mine gas is considered abnormal if it concentration is greater than ppm 1 concentrations present a serious threat to life and property in well mines due to the risk of H 2 S outburst 3 6.
More than 60 coal hydrogenationliquefaction processes are reviewed with respect to various process variables. These variables include temperature, pressure, residence time, catalyst type and percent, raw materials, liquid to coal ratio in the feed, percent product yield, space rate utilization, plant capacity, and references.
The HCoal Process The HCoal process liquifies coal to either boiler fuel or synthetic crude in the presence of an added particulate catalyst. To produce synthetic crude instead of boiler fuel, more hydrogen is added to the slurry and reactor residence times are increased. It was developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. (HRI) and was selected ...
The most important process of this group is the HCoal process, developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. (HRI) as an outgrowth of previous work on the hydrogenation of petroleum fractions. The development of this process was sponsored by ERDA/US DOE and a large group of oil companies (DOE, 2015b; Xinjua News, 2014). Very few DCL programs were ...
The objective of this work was to evaluate the applicability of commercial UOP hydrotreating and reforming processes to naphthas derived from the HCoal process. Three naphthas were studied. One was the primary naphtha generated from the HCoal syncrude operation. The other two products were from hydrocracking HCoal gas oil.
HCoal Syncrude product streams, prepared from Illinois No. 6, Wyodak, or West Kentucky No. 11 coal were obtained from the HCoal Process Development Unit (PDU) and analyzed for physical properties, elemental compositions, trace metal levels, and molecular composition. The trace metal levels are generally low in all except the heavy fuel oils.
The most important process of this group is the HCoal process, developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. (HRI) as an outgrowth of previous work on the hydrogenation of petroleum fractions. The development of this process was sponsored by ERDA/US DOE and a large group of oil companies (DOE, 2015b; Xinjua News, 2014). Very few DCL programs were ...
A key feature of the Hcoal process is the use of an ebullated bed for achieving good mixing between slurried coal, hydrogen, and extruded catalyst particles. The Hcoal reactor can be modeled as a fourphase fluid bed system containing liquid, fines, gases, and catalyst particles. In order to study the hydrodynamic behavior of this gas/slurry ...
HCoal, a catalytic hydroliquefaction process developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. for conversion of coal to highquality, clean liquids, has advanced to the stage of commercial evaluation with the construction in Catlettsburg, Kentucky of a 600 ton/day pilot plant which will produce up to 2,500 barrels per day of liquid product.
The HCoal process generated coal derived liquids in which exposures to polynuclear aromatics (PNA) were a hazard at most phases. Other hazards were coal dust, fire, noise, aromatic amines, ammonia (), hydrogensulfide (), phenols, benzene (71432), toluene (108883), xylene (), and hydrocarbons. ...
A process is disclosed for converting coal and other hydrocarbonaceous materials into useful and valuable liquid products. The process comprises: feeding coal and/or other hydrocarbonaceous mater with a hydrogencontaining gas into an ebullated catalyst bed reactor; passing the reaction product from the reactor to a hot separator where the ...
Maintenance management is an essential part of effective operation of a coal preparation plant. The key metric is: overall equipment effectiveness can be applied to any coalprocessing facility to measure and sustain performance. The maintenance management system consists of a framework of 3M: man, machine and methods.
The coal conversion process to be used is the HCOAL process, which is in the pilot plant testing stage under the auspices of the US Department of Energy at the HCOAL Pilot Plant Project near Catlettsburg, Kentucky. The preliminary plans for the commercial plant are for a 18,140 metric ton/day (24,000 ton/day) nominal coal assumption capacity ...
The objective of this work was to evaluate the applicability of commercial UOP hydrotreating and reforming processes to naphthas derived from the HCoal process. Three naphthas were studied. One was the primary naphtha generated from the HCoal syncrude operation. The other two products were from hydrocracking HCoal gas oil.
The coal conversion process to be used is the HCOAL process, which is in the pilot plant testing stage under the auspices of the US Department of Energy at the HCOAL Pilot Plant Project near Catlettsburg, Kentucky. The preliminary plans for the commercial plant are for a 18,140 metric ton/day ...
The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction Commercial Development Historical Background 2. Indirect Coal Liquefaction Preparation of Synthesis Gas Co...
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